直接引语和间接引语_直接引语和间接引语的概念 _生活经验

什么叫做直接引语和间接引语引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语（Direct Speech），即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；另一种是间接引语（Indirect Speech），即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。
间接引语大都是宾语从句，当直接引语为祈使句，陈述句，疑问句被转换成间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，时间，时间状语和地点状语等都要发生改变。间接引语其实就是我们所说的第三人称转述。

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扩展资料
直接引语变间接引语：
1、陈述句的间接引语
直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成一个that引导的宾语从句，引述动词通常是say, tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。
The foreigner aid to me, I like Beijing very much.那老外告诉我：我很喜欢北京。
→ The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much. 那老外告诉我说他（她）很喜欢北京。
She said,We are very fond of sports. 她说：我们都喜欢体育运动。
→ She said that they were very fond of sports. 她说他（她）们都喜欢体运动。
I'll go over the grammar lesson once again,he said. 他说：我将把语法课再复习一遍。
→ He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again. 他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。（that可省略）
2、疑问句的间接引语
（1）一般疑问句和反意疑问句
一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if 或 whether，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, wantto know, didn't know等。句末不用问号。
My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music 我老师问我：你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗？
→ My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music. 我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。
You haven't been to Beijing, have you asked he. 他问：你没去过北，是吗？
→ He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing. 他问我是否去过北京。
（2）否定的一般疑问句和选择问句
如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时，用whether……or 连接。
She said, Don't you know my telephone number 她说：你难道不知道我的电话号码吗？
→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not. 她问我是知道她的电话号码。
Do you like this one or that one Tom asked. 汤姆问：你是喜欢这个还是那个？
→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one. 汤姆问我是喜欢这个还是那个。
（3）特殊疑问句
间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask 。
He asked, How do you like it 他问：你觉得怎样？
→ He asked me how I liked it. 他问我觉得它怎样。
She asked me, What's the matter with you 她问我：你怎么啦？
→ She asked me what was the matter with me. 她问我我怎么啦。
How many books do you have she asked. 她问：你有多少本书？
→ She asked me how many books I had. 她问我有多少本。
参考资料来源：百度百科-间接引语直接引语和间接引语是什么？举例说明“直接引语”是直接引用别人的话，话中的说话人是第一人称。
书写时，说话人在话前，”说“后面用冒号，话要用引号：爸爸说：“我明天回家。记得跟妈妈说。”
说话人在话中， ”说“后面用逗号，话要用引号：“我明天回家。”爸爸说， “记得跟妈妈说。”
说话人在话后，话要用引号，”说“后面用句号：“我明天回家。记得跟妈妈说。”爸爸说。
“间接引语"是间接引用别人的话，话中的说话人是第三人称。书写时，”说“后面用逗号，话不要用引号：爸爸说，他明天回家。让我记得跟妈妈说。
汉语中的直接引语和间接引语怎样区分?英语中叫间接引语，汉语中应该叫转述句吧。
EG：她说：“今天天气很好。”【直接】
她说，今天天气很好。【间接】
她说：“我吃了早饭。”【直接】
她说她吃了早饭。【间接】
汉语中大多无时态变化，有的是标点和人称变化。
一般来说直接引语有引号，间接引语无引号。
直接引语和间接引语的作用我说的是语文简单点说：
直接引语是对事件的直接描述，真实，有感情。让读者感受现场的气氛。
间接引语是对事物的间接描述或转载的说明，加强客观性。仅仅是让读者了解事件事实，不表露感情。
新闻主要告诉人们最近发生的有了解价值的新鲜事物。新闻要准时、准确、客观。如果稿件中过多的情感介入，不可避免的加强了主观的情感因素，就会影响事件报道的客观性。但是如果一成不变的冷冰冰的记叙事件，也会枯燥，让人读之无味。所以，新闻中可以适当的加入情感色彩。比如报道某位感人的人物的时候可以多点介入情感；比如报道某次会议，就最好不要情感介入了，直接记述就可以了。
直接引语与间接引语的区别直接引语间接引语的区别
直接引语：直接引述别人的话（句子中有“”）。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫“间接引语”（句子中一般无“”）
二．直接引语变间接引语
A.一般不表示请求或祈使的句子改为一个宾语从句
1.连词
若直接引语引号里的内容是陈述句，那么改为间接时，要用连词 that (可以省略)
……………….一般疑问句，…….，要用连词 if/whether (不可以省略)
……………….特殊疑问句，…….，要用连词 wh- 即特殊疑问词本身（不可?。?
2.变化
（1）主句动词的变化
一般说来，主句谓语动词常为said或said to，变为间接引语时，当直接引语是陈述句时，said不变。当直接引语是一般疑问句和特殊疑问句时，则要把said或said to变为asked / asked sb.
（2）从句人称的变化
由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。①直接引语的主语是第一人称变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。②如果直接引语的主语是第二人称变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。③如果直接引语的主语是第三人称变为间接引语时，人称不变。例如：
①They said, “We will go there by bus.” →They said they would go there by bus.
②She said to me, “Are you interested in science?” →She asked me if I was interested in science.
③His mother said to me, “He can't go to school.” →His mother told me that he couldn't go to school.
（3）、从句动词时态的变化
a. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，从句的时态则应是与主句时态相应的过去时态。①一般现在时→一般过去时；②一般过去时→过去完成时；③现在进行时→过去进行时；④现在完成时→过去完成时；⑤过去完成时→过去完成时（不变）；⑥一般将来时→过去将来时。例如：
The girl said, “I'm sorry for being late for class.” →The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class.
b. 直接引语变为间接引语时，如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语从句的时态保持不变。例如：
He says, “I have finished my homework.” →He says that he has finished his homework.
She will say, “I'll do it tomorrow.” →She will say that she'll do it the next day.
c. 直接引语如果是客观事实或真理，变为间接引语时，从句时态不变。例如：
The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” →The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.
（4）、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，指示代词的变化为this→that，these→those等；时间状语的变化为now→then，today→that day， yesterday→the day before, tomorrow→the next day等；地点状语的变化为here→there；动词的变化为come→go（go 不要变come）。例如：
1. She said, “I will come this evening.” →She said that she would go that evening.
2. He said, “My sister was here three days ago, but she is not here now.” →He said that his sister had been there three days before, but she was not there then.
B.表示请求或祈使的句子改为句型tell/ask/order sb (not) to do sth
当直接引语引号里的内容表示要求时用tell sb (not) to do sth
当直接引语引号里的内容表示请求时用ask sb (not) to do sth
当直接引语引号里的内容表示强制要求时用order sb (not) to do sth
直接引语和间接引语时间状语的区别不理解啊意思是相同的，只是基准点不一样而已。如果说站在现在，两天之前就是two day ago，这是约定俗成的用法，在语法上规定下来，如果解释应该是two days before now；所以变成间接引语，将基准点放在过去，就是two days before then 。英语是讲究效率和简单的语言，只要不引起混淆，多余的可以去掉，所以two days before then就变成了two days before 。所以只抓住两点：1. 时间点基准点；2. 一些约定俗成的用法。two days later相当于two days later than then ，用于过去，而从现在起的两天后则是in two days或者the day after tomorrow 。the day before yesterday是站在现在去看，相当于two days ago 。
直接引语和间接引语的概念【直接引语和间接引语_直接引语和间接引语的概念】直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，原话用有引号，而间接引语是引述别人的话，不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语改为间接引语时，引述动词是现在时，则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变。
关键要掌握下列“三要素” 。
要素一：陈述句的间接引语——连接词用that，在口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told, ,等。例如：
1)He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”→
He told me that he had left his book in his room.
2) She said: “He will be busy.”→
She said that he would be busy.
要素二：疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether ，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等，例如：
She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”→
She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.
1)She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”→
She asked me whether that book was mine or his.
2) 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：
The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” →
The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.
要素三：祈使句的间接引语——采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。
told
即askedsb. (not) to do sth.
ordered
warned
注意：引语中的呼语可改成宾语。引语中的please 去掉，动词改为 ask
1) The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.” →
The teacher told the students not to waste their time.
2)The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”→
The mother asked Tom to get up early.
“五不变”
在直接引语变间接引语时，还要注意以下五种不变的特殊情况。
1．直接引语如果是客观真理，谚（习）语，变间接引语时时态不变。例如：
The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”→
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”→
My father said practice makes perfect.
2.直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的，习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的，变间接引语时，时态保持不变，例如：
The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”→
The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.
He said, “We are still students.’→
He said they are still students.
3．直接引语如果有明确的表示过去的时间状语，时态不变。例如：
He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”→
He told me that he was born in 1978.
The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”→
The engineer said he was at college in 1967.
4．直接引语中凡有When，since，while 引导的从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句时态，从句的时态不变。例如：
He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” →
He said he had studied English since he was a boy.
She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.→
She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.
Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”→
Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.
5．如果直接引语中引述部分含有insist, suggest, demand等引导的虚拟宾语从句，变间接引语时，引语中的主从句时态都不变。例如：
He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.→
He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.
She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”→
She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.
另外，如果说话人转述自己的话，人称则可不变. 例如：
I said to him, “I have finished it.”→I told him I had finished it.
如果就在当地转述, here不必变为there ， come不必改为go，如果就在当天转述，则today, yesterday, tomorrow等状语也不必变化。例如：
She said to us, I’ll come here tomorrow.”→
She told us she would come here tomorrow.