宾语从句讲解

初中宾语从句详细讲解与练习宾语从句
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句 。它是众多从句中的一员,在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语 。
在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语 , 如:  I know the man.
而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,如:  I know that the man is a policeman.  
主句引导词从句
宾语从句三大块: 1.引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择;2.宾语从句的语序;3.宾语从句的时态 。
Ⅰ.宾语从句的引导词
1.陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义 , 在口语或非正式文体中常省略 。如:
My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩 。
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1. I know …
2. She says …
3. Tell your friend …
(that)
1.This is a book.
2.You like singing.
3.He workedlast night.
4.They will go home.
5.Jim has been toBeijing.
6.She sings well.
2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导 , 意为“是否” 。如:
(1) Is Jim a good student? I don’t know
Idon’t know if /whether Jim is a good student.
(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?
Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1.Do you

宾语从句讲解宾语从句讲解视频,快来看一看吧
英语宾语从句讲解在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句 。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句 。
时态:
1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态.
2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态.
3.主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时.
宾语从句的连接词:从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句, if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.

英语宾语从句讲解一、定义:在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句 。
二、详解:
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句 , 宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序 , 即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式 。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
1)连接词+谓语 。连接词在从句中作主语 。常见的连接词有: who,what , which等 。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2)连接词+名词+谓语 。连接词在从句中作主语的定语 。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many , how much等 。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好 。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人 。
3)连接词+主语+谓语 。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语 。常见的连接词有:who(m) , what,which,how many,how much,when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等 。如:
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行 。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语 。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语 。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等 。如:
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔 。
2.连接词
1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略 。如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作 。
2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否” 。如:
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿 。
但在下列情况下只能用whether:
①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用) 。如:
Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whether or not he will come)让我知道他是否能来 。
I don't know whether /if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服 。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego.我不知道我们是去还是留 。
②在介词之后用whether 。如:
I'm interested in whether he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语 。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作 。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情 。
③在不定式前用whether 。如:
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人 。
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否 。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去 。
④whether置于句首时,不能换用if 。如:
Whether this is true or not,I can't say.这是否真的我说不上来 。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether 。如:
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题 。
The question is whether we can catch the bus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车 。
⑥若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether 。如:
Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:
a.Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书 。
b.If you like the book,please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书,请告诉我 。
3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导 。如:
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?
3.时态
含宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容:
1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态 。如:
I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来 。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了 。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式 。如:
①The children didn't know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁 。
②He asked his father how it happened.他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的 。
3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时 。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转 。
4.注意:
if和when既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句,应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同 。if和when引导宾语从句时,分别意为“是否”和“何时” , 其时态应和主句时态相呼应;它们引导状语从句时 , 意思分别为“如果,假如”和“当……时候” , 当主句时态是一般将来时时 , 其时态用一般现在时 。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查 。如:
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什么时候回来吗?
—Sorry,I don't know.When he comes back , I'll tell you.对不起,不知道 。当他回来了,我将告诉你 。
—I don't know if he will come.我不知道他是否会来 。
—He will come if it doesn't rain.如果不下雨,他会来的 。

简化宾语从句常用六法

同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句,使其与原句意思相同(或相近)的试题 。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法:
方法一:当主句谓语动词是hope,decide,wish,choose, agree ,  promise等 , 且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时 , 宾语从句可简化为不定式结构 。例如:
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二:当主句谓语动词是know ,  learn ,  remember, forget,tell等动词,且主句主语与从句主语一致时 , 宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构 。例如:
She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
注:当主句谓语动词是tell ,  ask ,  show, teach等动词,且后带双宾语,从句主语和间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构 。例如:
Could you tell me how I can get to the station? →Could you tell me how to get to the station?
方法三:当主句的谓语动词是order(命令),require(需要)等时,如果主句和从句的主语不一致,宾语从句可简化为“名词(代词)+不定式”结构 。例如:
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四:某些动词后的宾语从句 , 可以用介词加动名词(短语)等其他形式简化 。例如:
He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五:某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式(作宾语补足语)”结构 。例如:
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六:动词seem后的宾语从句,也可以用不定式(短语)来简化,但句型需要进行适当的变化 。例如:
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外,还有一些特殊句式的转化 。例如:
I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy
-----回答参考了圣才学习网资料

初中宾语从句讲解变成宾语从句(直接英语变间接引语)对这两个题来说都是“去掉引号”
初中在这个语法上主要有两个考点(当然还有人称和连接词):
1. 时态(1)引号外是过去时(2)引号外不是过去时
(1)引号外是过去时 (引号外面句子时态决定引号中句子时态)(有特殊情况,此处不说了)
例:''DoyouspeakEnglish? ''heaskedme. -------->
Heaskedme if I spoke English.
(引号外 heaskedme 是过去时,所以''DoyouspeakEnglish? ''去引号时,
Speak 也 要 变成过去时 spoke)
例:ThestudentaskedMary,''wheredoyoulive?''
ThestudentaskedMary whereshe lived.( 引号外 ThestudentaskedMary是过去时,所''wheredoyoulive?''去引号时,live也 要 变成过去时 lived)
例:He said,"His mom will go to Paris."--------->
He said his mom would go to Paris.( 引号外 He said是过去时 , 所以"His mom will go to Paris."去引号时,will也 要 变成过去时 would)
(2)引号外不是过去时(去引号时,引号中句子时态不变)
''DoyouspeakEnglish? ''he often asksme.--------->
He often asksme if I speak English.(去引号 句子仍然是一般现在时)
''Didyouknow him in 2010? ''he often asksme.--------->
He often asksme if I knew him in 2010.(去掉引号 仍然是一般过去时)

2. 语序(要用陈述语序)
(陈述语序就是 把一般疑问句变成陈述句)
如:DidyouspeakEnglish?——>you spoke English.
wheredidyoulive?——> where you lived.
另外 Are they good at PE?——> they are good at PE.
Can he swim?——> He can swim.

宾语从句详细讲解

宾语从句讲解

文章插图

宾语从句概念:在句子中起宾语作用的从句被称为宾语从句 。宾语从句可分为三类,动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句 。1、动词后的宾语从句只要有三种情况,一是动词后面直接带宾语从句;二是有些“动词+副词”结构后可以带宾语从句;三是动词短语后可带宾语从句 。例句:I hope you can join us in the game.我希望你能和我们一起参加这场比赛 。(动词后面直接带宾语从句)Can you figure out what the poet really means in the poem?你能理解诗人在这首诗中的真正用意吗?(动词+副词结构后加宾语从句)Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有错误 。(动词短语后加宾语从句)2、介词后的宾语从句例句:She is always thinking of how she can do more for others.她总想着如何才能为别人做的更多 。3、形容词后的宾语从句例句:I am sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.我确信尽管天气恶劣,他们也会取得成功 。扩展资料:宾语从句的引导词包括that、if/weather、wh-类连接词 。其中that引导宾语从句时无词义 , 在从句中不做任何成分 , 口语中一般可以省略;if/weather引导宾语从句时,在句子不做任何成分,但是有具体含义,意为是否,不可省略;wh-类连接词包括连接代词(who、whom、what、which、whoever、whichever等)和连接副词(when、where、why、how、whenever、wherever、however等) 。
状语从句 宾语从句详解在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句 。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句 。目录宾语从句用法及其例句一、宾语从句用法二、动词的宾语从句三、介词的宾语从句四、形容词的宾语从句五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that七、宾语从句的否定转移八、宾语从句的时态和语序宾语从句(版本二)1.引导词2.判断时态情况:3.宾语从句的用法宾语从句(版本三)(1)主、从句时态一致:(2)否定前移,及完成反意问句(3)运用虚拟语气的情况(4)宾语从句后置情况(5)宾从中that不可省略的情况宾语从句(版本四)一、定义和宾从例句分析二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成三、注意宾语从句用法及其例句 一、宾语从句用法 二、动词的宾语从句 三、介词的宾语从句 四、形容词的宾语从句 五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别 六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that 七、宾语从句的否定转移 八、宾语从句的时态和语序宾语从句(版本二) 1.引导词 2.判断时态情况: 3.宾语从句的用法宾语从句(版本三) (1)主、从句时态一致: (2)否定前移,及完成反意问句 (3)运用虚拟语气的情况 (4)宾语从句后置情况 (5)宾从中that不可省略的情况宾语从句(版本四) 一、定义和宾从例句分析 二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成 三、注意展开 编辑本段宾语从句用法及其例句一、宾语从句用法时态:1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态 。2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态 。3.主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时 , 只用一般现在时 。一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.He told me (that )he would go to college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没有人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么?The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect (that )they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out (that) all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out (that)how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的.三、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④ 在不定式前只能用whether.?。ㄈ纾篒 can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下 。)⑤ 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;当宾语从句较长时;当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.七、宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句的反意疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?八、宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读>.②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.采访人员问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老师昨天说月亮围着地球转.当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.编辑本段宾语从句(版本二)

如何讲解宾语从句?让学生容易掌握 。宾语从句=宾语,因为一个单词代替或表达不了原本要表达的意思,所以要用一个从句来代替所以这个从句就叫宾语从句 。顾名思义!
1我爱你
你就是宾语
I
love
you.
you
就是宾语
2我不知道(谁打破了窗户)
I
didnot
know
who
broke
the
window.我不知道....因为知道这里及物动词,要跟宾语的,但没有一个单词是这样的意思,所以who
broke
the
window=上句话里抽的宾语YOU.
或许你看到这样的句子有不明白了,
I
do
not
care
for
who
will
win
the
game.
因为这里的介词FOR
后面少了成份 , 而这个成份就是宾语,同时要表达的意思一个单词搞不定 , 所以就要用宾语从句,
叫介词的宾语从句
同理:代替主语的叫语从主语从句
(what
you
said
=主语)made
me
angry
代替表语的叫表语从句
the
question
is
(who
will
win
the
game=表语)
问题是谁将获胜
从句在句中代替什么成份的就是什么从句
定语从句可能有些不同,但大部分是相同的!概念清晰了,什么就会了!
我碰到了(我三年前爱过的)女孩,I
met
a
girl
(who
was
loved
by
me
3years
ago).
明白了吗?顾名思义,从句代替什么 , 它就是什么从句!恒古不变

什么是宾语从句?简单点,初二学生能看懂 。首先你要知道什么是宾语,
一个句子有主谓宾主要结构,主语是施动者,谓语是动词,宾语是动作的接受者 。如:
我吃了一个苹果 , 主语我,谓语吃 , 宾语苹果 。我爱你 , 我主语,爱,谓语,你,宾语 。
宾语从句就是用一个引导词引导的,用来补充、说明宾语的短句 。
比如,我吃了一个(从小明家树上摘的)苹果,括号里的就是宾语从句的说明状态 。
他告诉爸爸(他很累),宾语是爸爸,他很累是宾语从句 。等等 。剩下,你可以百度百科了:
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句 。
一、宾语从句用法
时态:
1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态 。可归纳为“主现从不限”
2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态 。可归纳为“主过从四过”
3.主句用过去时,从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时 。
4.情态动词could/would用于 , “请求”,表示委婉、客气的语气时,从句不受主句的约束 。
(一)、宾语从句的连接词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.
(二)连接代词
连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.
(三)连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
二、动词的宾语从句
大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句
三、介词的宾语从句
用whether之类的介词宾语从句
四、形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised

造几个简单的宾语从句一、定义和宾从例句分析
宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语 。
A 作动词的宾语:
I heard the news.
主语 谓语动词 名词作宾语
I heard that he would come here later on.
主语 谓语动词 一个句子作宾语---宾语从句
B 作介词的宾语:
He said nothing about the plan.
主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词 名词作介词的宾语
He said nothing about who broke the window last night.
主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词 一个句子作介词的宾语
二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成
带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起 。连接词有:that(可省略),what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.
1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.
宾语
2 He told me (that) he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm.
间接宾语 直接宾语
3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer.
间接宾语 直接宾语
4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.
who hadn’t passed the exam.
when she would leave this building.
why she cried last night.
where she was going to study.
which student was his partner in the short play.
if (whether) Tom could play basketball with him that morning.
how she managed to solve the problem.
why water flows from a high position to a lower position.
在例子4中,当主句是过去时态时(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时),从句根据不同情况必须使用过去时态的一种 , (大自然的现象和真理除外) 。
5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinner.
who broke the window yesterday.
when I can have a holiday.
why I failed the exam yesterday.
where I should have dinner with my friend tonight.
which book is the best one.
if (whether) I have passed the exam.
how my cat escaped from the room last night.
在例子5中,当主语是现在时态时(一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时,现在完成时),从句可根据不同情况使用各种时态 。
三、注意
A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序 。
False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放在后面 。
Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible.
Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.
Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.
Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.
C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句 。
Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English teacher.
Good: I don’t think he likes the English teacher.
D 主句一般过去时态,从句也要用过去时态;具体细节请看第一部分 。
False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.
Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.
宾语从句的点点滴滴 宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一 。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语,将这个句子叫做宾语从句 。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语 。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下:
一,引导词
A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后 。连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略 , 但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中 。
例:I told him that he was wrong.
l在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义 , 却不用否定形式,而将think 等动词变为否定形式 。
例:I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语 。
例:We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句 。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下 , whether和if 可以替换 。
例:I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例:Everything depends on whether we have enough money 。
l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
例:I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
C,由wh-引导的宾语从句 。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句 , 它们在句中即有连接从句的作用 , 又在句中充当句子的成分 。
例:Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语)
I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)
二,宾语从句的语序,
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序,即连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例:I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
二,宾语从句的时态 。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制 , 
既:主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定 。
主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态 。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前 , 则从句要用过去完成时态 。
例:
1)She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she has finished her homework already.
She said that she had finished her homework already.
4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in English.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态 。
例:The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
He told me that Japan is an island country.
lCould you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去 。
例:Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?
注意事项:
u由陈述句变成宾语从句时,要注意人称的变化 。
例:She said: “I have been to England before.”
She said that she had been to England before.
She asked me: “Do you like maths?”
She asked me if I liked maths.
u宾语从句与简单句的交换 。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句,如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时,可以用“疑问词+不定式
”做宾语的简单句结构 。
例:I don’t know what I should do next.
I con’t know what to do next.
He didn’t know where he would live.
He didn’t know where to live.
DO SOME EXERCISES:
1.Can you see________?
A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading
C. what does he read D. he reads what
2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)
Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan?
3._What did your son say in the letter?
_He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day
A.will visit B. has visited
C. is going to visit D. would visit
4.He didn’t know__________
A.what’s the matter B.what the matter is
C. what was the matter D. what the matter was
5.Somebody called you just now,but I didn’t know____
A.who were they B. who they were
C. who was it D. who it was
6.I want to know_____
A.what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
7.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for?
---Her cousin,susan.
A.that B.whose C .who D.which
8.---What are you searching the Internet for?
---I’m trying to find out____.
A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU
B.How many persons have died in Iraq
C.How to protect our environment
D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
9.Do you know___________?(谁正在唱歌)
10.Do you know___________?(她正在和谁谈话)
11.Do you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)
The keys: 1 A.2 if ,comes.3D. 4 C. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B
9 who is singing
10 who she is talking with
11 what happened yesterday

谁讲一下宾语从句的语法选C,宾语从句要用正常语序,而不用疑问语气,这道题中can you tell me 是主句,where he lives 是宾语从句 , 所以不能用where does he live ,而应用正常语序 。

求用最简单的方法讲述定从句是什么,怎么用 。一句话放在名词后面修饰它作定语,就是定语从句 。

宾语从句的讲解【宾语从句讲解】▲掌握宾语从句的语序 。▲掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词 。

▲掌握宾语从句中,主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应 。

【课前准备】要求学生回顾宾语从句的概念及其用法,并用各种引导词各造一个句子 。

【知识要点】

1.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语 , 从句放在主句之后,前后不用逗号分开 。

2.引导宾语从句的词有:

连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if, whether,如:

He knows that Jim will work hard.

连接代词who, whom, which等,如:

Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?

连接副词when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?

3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用 , 但在介词之后,

不定式之前,与or not连用,在句首或在引导表语从句,同位语从句时 , 只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?

4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序 。

5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应,即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时 , 从句中谓语动

词也要用过去范畴的时态,但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律,其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时 , 如:

He asked who could answer the question.

My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.

6.一个宾语从句只能用一个连词 。

7.当主句谓语动词是think, believe等动词时,宾语从句的否定意义要放到主句中 。另外,当主句主语为第一人称时 , 后面若接附加疑问句 , 那么附加疑问句的主语、谓语应与从句中的主谓语保持一致 。如:

I don't think he looks like his father, does he?

8.直接引语和间接引语也是宾语从句,直接引语是引述别人的原话 , 放在引号内,

不用连词联接;间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,通常用连接词与主句联接 。

(1)陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句,如:

He said,“I'm happy.”[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.

(2)一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,如:

He asked me,“Does his father know Mr Green?”

---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.

(3)特殊疑问句变为由who, what, where, how等疑问词(连接代词或连接副词)引导的宾语从句 , 如:

He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”

---He asked me where Mr Wang was.

注意上述例句中连词、时态、语序等变化 。

宾语从句简单讲解最简单的说法就是放在动词后面的句子一般称为宾语从句 。比如Iaskwhyyou areso worried.Tom did notknowthathis fathetwas ill.

英语宾语从句讲解在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句 。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句 。宾语从句用法时态:1.主句用一般现在时 , 从句可用任意时态 。2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态 。3.主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时 。一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏?The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. 二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us that they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的. 三、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知. 四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他. 五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④ 在不定式前只能用whether.?。ㄈ纾篒 can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下 。)⑤ 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if. 六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;当宾语从句较长时;当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时. 七、宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句的反意疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是? 八、宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读>.②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.采访人员问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.

英语从句的讲解!要详细的!定语从句概要:
(这是有关定语从句的精要介绍 , 涵盖了有关定语从句的各个方面 , 供参考:)

引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词 。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as;关系副词有when, where, why 。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份 。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略 。
关系代词的选用比较复杂,受下列条件的制约:
(1) 要看先行词是指人还是指物,
(2) 要看关系代词在从句中句法功能,
(3) 要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的 。

在定语从句中充当的成分
↓ 用于限定性或非限定性从句 只用于限定性从句
指人 指物 指人或指物
主语 who which that
宾语 whom which that
谓语 whose whose (of which)
That 只能用在限定性定语从句中,而who, whom, which, which 既可用于限定性定语从句中 , 也可用于非限定性定语从句 。
I know that he is a man who means what he says.
I know that he is a man that means what he says. 【我知道他是一个守信用的人 。】

The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy.
The gentleman that she met addressed her with courtesy. 【她遇到的那位先生很有礼貌地向她打了招呼 。】
The gentleman she met addressed her with courtesy.(在从句中充当动词宾语的关系代词,可以省略 。)

The watch which was lost has been found.
The watch that was lost has been found. 【丢了的表找到了 。】

Here is the material which you need. (注:现代美语中不允许这样用)
Here is the material that you need.
Here is the material you need. 【你要的材料在这儿了 。】

You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 他也就是听你的话吧 。

关系副词的选用相对来说比较简单,如果先行词是表示时间的名词,如time, day 等 , 则用when, 如先行词为表示地点的名词,如place, house, area 等等,则选用where 。如果先行词为reason 则选用why

I will never forget the mountain village where I spent my childhood.
I will never forget the mountain village in which I spent my childhood.
我永远也不会忘记我度过童年的那个小山村 。

I don’t know the reason why he did that.
I don’t know the reason for which he did that. 【我不知道他为什么这么做 。】

当先行词是all, something, nothing 等不定代词时 , 或者先行词的前面有first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no 等词修饰时,或者先行词的前面有最高级修饰时,一般只用that 而不用which 来引导定语从句:
I have explained everything that I can to you.
I have explained everything I can to you. 【我已经尽一切可能把事情向你解释得一清二楚 。】

This is the most beautiful campus that I have ever been to.
This is the most beautiful campus I have ever been to. 【这是我见到的最美丽的校园 。】

That’s all that I know.
That’s all I know. 【我知道的就是这些 。】

Can you tell me something that you know?
Can you tell something you know? 【你能把你知道的一些情况告诉我吗?】

There is nothing that I cannot tell you.
There is nothing I cannot tell you. 【我没有什么不能告诉你的事情 。】

The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.
The first thing we should do is to work out a plan. 【我们应该做的头一件事就是订一个计划 。】

The last place that we visited was the farm.
The last place we visited was the farm. 【我们最后参观的地方是农场 。】

还有一种定语从句 , 它的结构是:the same ….. as…, such … as
这里的as 可以指人或物,这里的as 引导的是限定性定语从句:
Such furniture as is very popular is expensive. 一种很受欢迎的家具价钱昂贵 。
We have successfully done the same experiment as you did. 你做过的那个试验我们已经成功地做完了 。
It wasn’t such a computer as the advertisement had promised. 这种电脑可不是广告中说的那种电脑 。

限定性定语从句与主句关系密切 , 为句中不可缺少的部分,如去掉,主句意思就不完整了 。而非限定性定语从句与主句关系松散,如果去掉了,主句内容仍然完整 。在书面语中非限定性定语从句一般补逗号隔开 。非限定性定语从句一般不用that 引导 。引导非限定性定语从句的关系词不可省略 。
His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on. 他的讲话没完没了 , 真让人烦 。
The general’s daughter, whose name is Jane, gave me a sweet smile.
将军的女儿名叫珍妮 。她冲我笑了笑,笑得好甜啊 。

非限定性定语从句中,先行词也可以是整个句子,一般用which 或as 来引导定语从句,which在从句中可充当主语、宾语等,as 在从句中一般只充当主语,which 与as 引导这类定语从句的区别在于:which 只能放在句子当中或句子末尾 , 而as 的位置比较灵活,可以放在句子当中、句子末尾,也可以放在句首 。
As is known to all, too much stress can cause disease.
Too much stress can cause disease, as is known to all.
Too much stress can cause disease, which is known to all. 【众所周知 , 压力太大了,人会得病的 。】

Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which is known to all.
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, as is known to all. 【众所周知,水是由氢和氧组成的 。】

关系代词在定语从句中有时也作介词的宾语 。如果介词被置于关系代词前,一般只用介词加which 或介词加whom,而不用介词加that来引导定语从句 。如果介词被置于从句句末,则可以使用that来代替which或whom , 这时的that可以省略 。
This is the ring on which she spent 1,000 dollars. 这就是她花了一千美元买的那枚戒指 。

One of my colleagues whom you are familiar with will come today.
One of my colleagues that you are familiar with will come today.
One of my colleagues you are familiar with will come today.
我的一个同事,就是你非常熟悉的那个人,今天要过来 。

宾语从句中主语和从句从句是一个很麻烦的问题,如果你想了解,我还是建议你去买一本好一点的语法书,一般上面都有 。(不要心疼money)

我给你写参考,不会太全面 , 可以勉强了解一下
分析引导词的句法作用以区别从句的种类

根据英语从句在句子中的句法作用,从句可分为三类:名词性从句,形容词性从句和副词性从句 。通过对引导从句的各种引导词进行观察,我们不难发现,有的从句可以直接从引导词的形式和意义上来区分 。如:Though the old man is over seventy, he still sees well and hears well. 我们一读此句,就可以认定,由Though引导的从句是一个让步状语从句 。因为though只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导其它从句,但是有些引导词却能引导多种从句 。如引导词when:既可以引导时间状语从句又可以引导定语从句 , 还可以引导名词性从句 。此外 , 象that , where等,三类从句均可引导;who既可引导定语从句,又可引导名词性从句;so that 即可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句……因此,这些形同义不同的引导词给我们理解、掌握、运用各种从句带来了很大困难 。另外,搞不清楚从句在句子中所起的作用,就不能正确理解原文 。那么,怎样正确区分各种形同义不同的引导词引导的从句呢?
1、 分析句子结构以区虽从句的种类 遇到一个复合句,首先要分析其句子结构 , 看从句在整个句子中起什么作用,那么它就是什么从句 。
2、 分析引导词的句法作用以区别从句的种类 that这个词即是引导同位语从句,又可引导定语从句,这种两种从句从形式和结构上看特别相似,如何区分呢? 区分that引导的是同位语从句还是定语从句的方法是,看that在从句中是否充当句子成分,若that在从句中不充当任何成分 , 则为同位语从句;若that在从句中充当主语或宾语 , 则为定语从句 。
3、 根据被修饰词来判断从句的种类 定语从句常常修饰一些具有实际意义的名词,如:the film;the student;the book;a house等等 。而同位语从句常常修饰一些表示抽象概念的名词 , 如fact、idea、promise、truth等 , 用来说明这些名词所表示的具体内容 。状语从句在句子中常用来修饰谓语动词 。
4、 根据从句前词的词性来判断从句的种类 宾语从句分两种:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句 。宾语从句前肯定是动词或介词 。定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的 , 所以其前一定是一个名词或代词 。
5、 根据上下文意义和结构形式上区分从句的种类 如so that即可引导目的状语从句 , 又可引导结果状语从句,如何区分呢?主要从以下两点来区分 。①根据上下文意义判断 。“以便……”表示目的,是目的状语从句 , “以致于……”,“结果……”表示结果 , 是结果状语从句 。②从结构形式上来分辨 。so that前有逗号,为结果状语从句 , 反之,则为目的状语从句 。有时,so that前无逗号,这里要看从句中有无can、could、may、might、will、would、should 等情态动词,如果有,则多是目的状语从句,若没有 , 则多是结果状语从句

高中英语狂K语法——句法篇:四、名词性从句 Word版含解析在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses) 。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组 , 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等 。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句 。
1 主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替 , 而本身放在句子末尾 。
1  it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构 , 主语从句的连接词没有变化 。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that 。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom 。例如:
1. It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜 。
2. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣 。
3. It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的 。(强调句型)
4. It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户 。(强调句型)
2  用it作形式主语的结构
1. It is+名词+从句
It is a fact that…事实是……
It is an honor that…非常荣幸……
It is common knowledge that………是常识
2. It is+形容词+从句
It is natural that…很自然……4. It+1. What you said yesterday is right.4 3. The reason w

定语从句,宾语从句 , 表语从句 的区别从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句 , 而不能单独作一个句子 。在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句 , 宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等) 。
主语从句用作主语 , 如::
That
the
earth
is
round
is
true.
地球为圆的是真实的 。
宾语从句用作宾语 。如:
Do
you
know
where
he
lives?
表语从句用作表语,如:
My
opinion
is
that
you
should
not
go
alone.
我的意见是你不应单独前往 。
同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词 。如:
The
fact
that
the
earth
is
round
is
true.
地球是圆的的事实是真实的 。(that从句用于解释说明the
fact)
定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词 。如:
The
student
who
answered
the
question
was
John.
回答问题的学生是John.
状语从句相当于一个副词 , 如:
When
it
rains,
I
usually
go
to
school
by
bus.
天下雨时 , 我通常坐公共汽车上学 。(时间状语)
If
he
comes
tomorrow,
you
will
see
him.
如果他明天来,你就可以看见他 。(if
引导的条件状语从句,其结构为:if
+状语从句,+主句) 。要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现” , 即主句是将来时 , 则从句要用一般现在时表示将来 。
主句和从句的划分方法是相同的 。句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易 。谓语动词前面的部分是主语,后面常接宾语,修饰谓语动词的是状语,修饰主语、宾语的是定语,若谓语是系动词 , 则系动词后的部分是表语 。如:
I
am
a
teacher.
其中,I
是主语,am是谓语,a
teacher
是表语 。
He
likes
playing
football
very
mucy.
其中,he是主语,likes是谓语,playing
football是宾语,very
much是状语 。

句法问题how what the municipal authorities have done can still be improved是这个句子中的宾语从句 , 在这个从句中,what the municipal authorities have done 是主语,what作宾语 。用it代替的话这个从句就是how it can still be improved.
整个句子的结构应该是Professor Jeffrey’s lecture will showhow it can still be improved.

第二句中没有how,意思不对了
第三句中those不能引导从句
第四句中从句里的主语从句没有了宾语成分,所以也是不对的

不知道你能明白么

英语宾语从句麻烦讲解一下宾语从句是什么,该怎么用1.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语,从句放在主句之后 , 前后不用逗号分开 。

2.引导宾语从句的词有:

连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if, whether,如:

He knows that Jim will work hard.

连接代词who, whom, which等,如:

Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?

连接副词when, where, how, why等,如:Could you tell me how we can get to the station?

3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思 , 一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后,

不定式之前 , 与or not连用,在句首或在引导表语从句,同位语从句时,只能用whether,如:I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?

4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序 。

5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应 , 即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时,从句中谓语动

词也要用过去范畴的时态 , 但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律 , 其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时,如:

He asked who could answer the question.

My father told me that the earth goes around the sun.

6.一个宾语从句只能用一个连词 。

7.当主句谓语动词是think, believe等动词时,宾语从句的否定意义要放到主句中 。另外,当主句主语为第一人称时 , 后面若接附加疑问句,那么附加疑问句的主语、谓语应与从句中的主谓语保持一致 。如:

I don't think he looks like his father, does he?

8.直接引语和间接引语也是宾语从句,直接引语是引述别人的原话,放在引号内,

不用连词联接;间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,通常用连接词与主句联接 。

(1)陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句,如:

He said,“I'm happy.”[FY()[FY]]He said that he was happy.

(2)一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句 , 如:

He asked me,“Does his father know Mr Green?”

---He asked me if his father knew Mr Green.

(3)特殊疑问句变为由who, what, where, how等疑问词(连接代词或连接副词)引导的宾语从句,如:

He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”

---He asked me where Mr Wang was.

初中英语宾语从句练习附讲解在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句 。1.语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式 。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:1)连接词+谓语 。连接词在从句中作主语 。常见的连接词有: who,what,which等 。如:Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?2)连接词+名词+谓语 。连接词在从句中作主语的定语 。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many , how much等 。如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好 。The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人 。3)连接词+主语+谓语 。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语 。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much,when,why,how,where,if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等 。如:He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行 。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语 。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语 。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等 。如:Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔 。2.连接词1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义 , 在口语或非正式文体中常省略 。如:He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作 。2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时 , 用if或whether引导,意为“是否” 。如:I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿 。但在下列情况下只能用whether:①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用) 。如:Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whether or not he will come)让我知道他是否能来 。I don't know whether /if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服 。I wonder whether we stay or whether wego.我不知道我们是去还是留 。②在介词之后用whether 。如:I'm interested in whether he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语 。We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作 。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情 。③在不定式前用whether 。如:He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人 。I don't know whether to go.我不知去否 。He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去 。④whether置于句首时,不能换用if 。如:Whether this is true or not,I can't say.这是否真的我说不上来 。⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether 。如:Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题 。The question is whether we can catch the bus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车 。⑥若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether 。如:Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:a.Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书 。b.If you like the book , please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书,请告诉我 。3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导 。如:Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?3.时态含宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容:1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要 , 选用相应的任何时态 。如:I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来 。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了 。2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式 。如:①The children didn't know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁 。②He asked his father how it happened.他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的 。3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态 , 从句时态都用一般现在时 。如:The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转 。4.注意:if和when既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句,应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同 。if和when引导宾语从句时,分别意为“是否”和“何时”,其时态应和主句时态相呼应;它们引导状语从句时,意思分别为“如果,假如”和“当……时候”,当主句时态是一般将来时时,其时态用一般现在时 。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查 。如:—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什么时候回来吗?—Sorry,I don't know.When he comes back,I'll tell you.对不起,不知道 。当他回来了 , 我将告诉你 。—I don't know if he will come.我不知道他是否会来 。—He will come if it doesn't rain.如果不下雨,他会来的 。简化宾语从句常用六法同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句 , 使其与原句意思相同(或相近)的试题 。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法:方法一:当主句谓语动词是hope,decide, wish ,  choose ,  agree,promise等,且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时 , 宾语从句可简化为不定式结构 。例如:Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.方法二:当主句谓语动词是know,learn,remember,forget ,  tell等动词,且主句主语与从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构 。例如:She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.注:当主句谓语动词是tell,ask,show, teach等动词,且后带双宾语,从句主语和间接宾语一致时 , 宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构 。例如:Could you tell me how I can get to the station? →Could you tell me how to get to the station?方法三:当主句的谓语动词是order(命令),require(需要)等时,如果主句和从句的主语不一致,宾语从句可简化为“名词(代词)+不定式”结构 。例如:The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四:某些动词后的宾语从句,可以用介词加动名词(短语)等其他形式简化 。例如:He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.方法五:某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式(作宾语补足语)”结构 。例如:Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六:动词seem后的宾语从句,也可以用不定式(短语)来简化 , 但句型需要进行适当的变化 。例如:It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外,还有一些特殊句式的转化 。例如:I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题习题(一)1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled答案:1-5 A D C B C习题(二)1 Can you tell me___ you were born, BettyA. who B. what C. when D. that2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.A. that B. what C. which D. who4 She didn't know___ back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be5. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.A. whether B where C. what D. when6. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday eveningA. what B when C why D how7. He asked me _____told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose答案:1-7 C B B A A A C习题(三)1. They don't know their parents are.A that B what C why D which2. Please tell me ______what last year.A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked3. She asked me if I knew ______.A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember ________.A. what your mother said B. what did your mother sayC. your mother said what D. what has your mother said5 Did you know ____A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking forC. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after6 Could you tell me ___A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing答案:1-6 B D B A A C习题(四)1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)A. that B. how C. whatD. if2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.—He will help us with our English. (杭州市)A. why B. when C. how D. where3. —We never know _____ the old m an is.—They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)A. what B. who C. which D. where4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him.—Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀区)A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived6. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer—Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. (重庆市)A. what the matter is B. what is wrongC. what the matter was D. what wrong was8. —Where is Jack—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . (南昌市)A. that B. which C. where D. there答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C